Regardless of their taxonomy, all phytoplankton contain at least one form of chlorophyll (chlorophyll A) and thus can conduct photosynthesis for energy. These two classes have the common ability of photosynthesis, but have different physical structures. Instead, phytoplankton can be divided into two classes, algae and cyanobacteria 10. The term “single-celled plants” is a misnomer, and should not be used. While they are plant-like in this ability, phytoplankton are not plants. Phytoplankton are photosynthetic, meaning they have the ability to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into energy 11. They are single-celled, but at times they can grow in colonies large enough to be seen by the human eye 16. Phytoplankton are microorganisms that drift about in water. To further complicate this nomenclature, single-celled algae often fall under the broad category of phytoplankton.
While the overarching kingdom classification is not always agreed upon, the species, genus, family, class and phylum of each alga generally are 6. As such, algal taxonomy is still under debate, with some organizations classifying algae under different kingdoms, including Plantae, Protozoa and Chromista 4,6,8,9. The various species of algae are vastly different from each other, not only in pigmentation, but in cellular structure, complexity, and chosen environment 4,5. Most organizations group algae by their primary color (green, red, or brown), though this creates more problems than it solves 4. Phytoplankton are made up of single-celled algae and cyanobacteria.Īs algae can be single-celled, filamentous (string-like) or plant-like, they are often difficult to classify. Algae are sometimes considered protists, while other times they are classified as plants or choromists.
While algae contain chlorophyll (like plants), they do not have these specialized structures 8. Most plants also have vascular structures (xylem and phloem), which carry nutrients throughout the plant. Aquatic plants, whether floating, submerged, or emergent (starting in the water and growing out) have specialized parts such as roots, stems and leaves 3. Macroalgae are simpler, and attach themselves to the seabed with a holdfast instead of true roots 4. The difference between these seaweeds and submerged plants is in their structure. However, larger, more complex algae, including kelp and chara, are often mistaken for submerged plants. Protist may be a more accurate term, particularly for the single-celled phytoplankton 8. So what makes algae only plant-like, instead of plants? While algae are often called primitive plants, other terms, like protists, can be used 4. Algae can be found residing in oceans, lakes, rivers, ponds and even in snow, anywhere on Earth. They encompass a variety of simple structures, from single-celled phytoplankton floating in the water, to large seaweeds (macroalgae) attached to the ocean floor 2. 01204593254įor order Email : Quote and information order : No. We have special customer care for technical help. The product is supplied directly to the customer.Ĥ. 3 mode : without warranty, 1 year warranty Products, 1 year Greentree Productsģ. Warehouse : Chennai I Delhi I Mumbai I Ambala I Bangalore I Baneshwar I Hyderabad I Jaipur I Kota I ,KeralaĢ.
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